Bergbj



(No Model.) 2 sheets-sheet 1. H. SCHULZB-BERGE. MACHINERY POR DEGORATING GLASSWARB.

No. 296.224. l Patented Apr. 1, 1884.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

. H. SGHULZB-BERGE.

` K MAGHINERY FOR DECORATING GLASSWARE. "Na 296,224. Patented Apr. l, l884.

I, fi Wm QESSES- y Y IYEIUL i www @M mf i' Unire 'rares- HERMANX SCHULZE-BERGE, OF FITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA., ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF AND JESSE H.`LIPPINCOTT, OF SAME PLAGE.

MACHINERY FOR DECORATING oLAsswnRs.

SPECIFICATION forming part' of Letters Patent No. 296,224, dated April l, 1884.-.

Application filed April i9, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, HERMANN SoHULzn- BERGE, of Pittsburg, in the county of Alle` gheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Machinery for Decorating Glassware; andv I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My machine is designed to print upon the surface of articles of glassware or china, which Y are circular in horizontal crosssection, any desired pattern or design. The design is printed with a resinous varnish or other semi-fluid substance of sufficient viscidity, and after the design has been so printed on the article to be decorated, and while the varnish is yet moist, iinely pulverized fusible metallic colors are dusted over the surface of lthe glass or china adhering to the sticky surface of the varnish. If the design is to be etched on the surface of the glass, instead of fusible colors, I dust onto the printed glass surface nely-pulverized iluoride of sodium or other alkaline fluoride; or, if preferred, the nely-pulverized fusible colors, or fluoride of sodium, are intimately mixed with the varnish or other suit-able vehicle, and with this mixture as an ink I print the desired pattern or design on the surface of the glass or china to be decorated or etched. The

article so prepared is then transferred to a suitable oven, Where it is exposed to a'suffi- 'cient degree of heat to fuse'the metallic colors, or to produce a reaction between the luorine of the fluoride and the silica ofthe glassware, and thus produce the effect of etching. This process of printing on the surface of glass-l Y ware or china forms the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent tiled simultaneously herewith, my present invention being confined to machinery for printing the desired pattern with varnish, or with varnish or other.,

vehicle mixed with coloring matter, or with iiuoride directly upon the surface of the glass or china.

In the accompanying drawings,forming part of this specification, Figure 1- is a'vertical section of my machine. Figs. 2 to 8 are details of parts of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Figs.

9 and l0 show a further modification of the chuck.

`In the several iigures like letters refer to similar parts.

My 'machine consists of two principal parts, one of which holds and rotates the article to be printed on, the other carries a revolving printing-roller which prints the impression on the articles of glass or china ware, the printing-roller receiving a positive rotary motion from the other portion of the machine. These two principal parts of the machine may be attached to the same bed-plate or not, as may be preferred; but if not they should both be so firmly fixed as to operate together substantially as one machine.

In the drawings, A is the frame ofthe lathe, or that part of the machine which holds and rotates the article which is to receive the impression. It has two projecting brackets, B and B', the latter being at the upper end of the frame. The lower bracket has th ree arms, a a c, the arms a c serving as bearings for the vertical spindle b, and the lower arm, a, having screwed into it, on the same axial line as the spindle b, a screw, c, the upper eXtremity of which carries the step d, which supports the lower extremity of the spindle b.

To the spindle b is keyed, above the upper arm, a, a horizontal bevel cog-wheel, e, into which another bevel cog-wheel, e', gears,which is secured to a horizontal shaft, f, by means of a feather or spline, to which shaft motion is communicated by h and or power.

At the upper end of the spindle b is fastened a chuck, C, which carries the article of glass D, (which in the drawings is a tumbled) which it holds securely in a vertical position in the manner hereinafter described. The chuck C, and with it the article which it can ries, is adjusted to the proper position vertically by means of the screw c, as the spindle is capable of sliding up and down in the arm c and in the hub of the bevel-wheel e, the bevel-wheel e being prevented from rising by a collar held by a key or screw, g. The upper bracket, B', carries a spindle, b', which is in the same vertical axial line as the lower spindle, b.

To spindle t is keyed a pulley, it. Around IOO plug, Z. A slot,m,in the sleeve Z allows a pin, n, which proj ects from the spindle b', to enter it. At the lower end of the slot m is an enlargement, forming with the pin n a bayonetjoint, so that when the sleeve and plug are raised by hand on the spindle b the plug can be held in that position by turning it slightly on its aXis. A spiral spring, p, surrounds the sleevet and spindle b', between the pulley h and iiange 7c of the plug, and presses the plug Z downward. The plug Z is covered with a band of soft rubber, and, being inserted into the top of the tumbler, holds it rmly in av vertical position on the chuck C. The size and shape of the plug Z will depend on the article of china or glass ware to be operated on, and as the plug can be readily detached from the iiange It of the spindle b a plug of any desired shape or size may be used.

I have described the spindle b and b of my machine as being vertical, but if preferred the frame may be so constructed that these spindles shall be horizontal, the position ordinarily used inv lathes; also, the power for communicating rotary motion to the spindles may be applied either to the spindle b, as in the drawings, or to the spindle b.

The frame E of the printing machinery is connected by a short link, F, to a standard, G. The link F has an eye, q, at one end,which surrounds the vertical cylindrical bolt or standard G, (see Fig. 3,) rigidly connected with the bed-plate of the machine, thus forming a joint which enables the frame E to be adjusted horizontally. The other end of the link F is forked and receives a lug, H, of the frame E, to which it is jointed by a bolt, I. The axis ofthe bolt I is horizontal, while that of the standard G is vertical, which permits of the frame E being adjusted both vertically and horizontally. A screw-nut, K, 011 the hinge-bolt I and a screw, o, on the eye q,serve to clamp the joints and hold the frame E rigidly in any position in which it may be set. The outer edge of the lug II on the frame E may be graduated, (see Fig. 1,) so that when the printing wheel is once adjusted to the angle of the article to be printed on it may afterward be set to that angle by turning the frame E in its joint at I until the edge of the link F coincides with the proper mark on the graduated arc.

rIhe frame E has two arms, r r', which are slotted, so as to receive the sliding bearings Zt of the shaft b. Each of these bearings t t is pressed outward toward the end of `the arms r r by a spiral spring, s s', each of which surrounds and is kept in place by a rod, u u, each of which is screwed into or otherwise attached to one of the bearings tt. The rods u a are for the purpose of withdrawing the printing-wheel L (which is attached by a feather to the spindle 5) from contact with the article D to 'be printed on. The rods a a pass through the frame E and project at its rear. Each has a hook at its projecting end, which registration of the pattern.

engages a slide, t, which rests against the back end of the frame E, as shown in Fig. 1. Two inclines, t t, on the slide o, serve to draw back the rods u u and the bearings attached thereto, when the slide o is pushed in one direction, and allow the bearings to advance, when the slide is moved in the other direction.

A pulley, h', is keyed to the spindle b, corresponding to the pulley h on the spindle b. lIhese pulleys are grooved, and a crossed belt is passed around them, so that the pulley hon` spindle b of the printing-wheel L and the pulley h on the spindle b of the chuck shall revolve in opposite directions, as 'if geared together, so as to secure the exact uniform revolution of the two spindles and the accurate If the pulleys h h are of exactly the same diameter, they will perform a complete revolution in precisely the same time, so that the printing-wheel L will revolve once for every revolution of the tumbler D or other article placed on the chuck, thus 'securing the completion of the pattern printed on the tumbler, and this although the diameter of the printing-roller and of the article to receive the impression may' not be precisely the same. rlhis feature of my invention however, forms the subject of a separate application for Letters Patent No. 117,133, filed January 11, 1884, and therefore needs not to be more particularly referred to here.

If desired, the printing-wheel may be of considerably different diameter from that of the article to be printed on, in whichcase the pulleys h and hshould bear a corresponding relative diameter to each other. The shaft b projects below the frame E, and the printingwheel L is placed on the projecting end of the shaft, being fastened by screws to a fianged sleeve, w, which fits onto the shaft b, and is fastened to the shaft b by keys.

In order that the position of the printingroller L on the shaft b may be adj usted length wise of the shaftb, jam-nuts x x are screwed roo IIO

onto the shaft b above and below the printingroller L. The printing-roller L is a block of wood, which is either of cylindrical shape or of the shape of the frustum of a cone, according to the shape ofthe article tobe printed on, whether cylindrical or tapering. lf the surface to be printed on is convex,the side of the printing roller should be correspondingly concave. The pattern or design is formed in relief of some suitable material having more or less elasticity, such as leather or soft vulcanized rubber, or glue dissolved in water and mixed with bichromate of potash in such proportions that the glue when cold will beof the desired consistency and insoluble in water.

The semi-fluid substance with which the printing is to be effected, whether varnish or a mixture containing pulverized alkaline 1inoride or fusible metallic colors, is applied to the printing-roller by means of an inking-roller made of printers-roller composition, gelatine, or other suitable material, and may be applied by hand oran inking-roller, in., (shown in Fig. 2,) supported by a shaft, y, attached to arms @projecting horizontally from the frame E.

As above stated, the article D, to receive the impression from the printing-roller L, is placed upon a chuck, C, aixed to the upper end of the spindle b. This chuck is animportant feature of my machine, as it would beimpossible to produce a good impression on the article D by means of the revolving printingroller unless the article D were accurately centered and held rmly in such position that is to say, with its axis in the same vertical line as the 'axes of the spindles b and b. It is also important that the chuck should be capable of acting with rapidity and of centering the article automatically as soon as it is pla-ced within it. I shall therefore proceed to describe this part of my machine in detail.

Fig. -i is a wertical cross-section ofthe chuck, showing its construction and connection with the spindle b. The chuck-frame consists of three parallel circular plates, P, Q, and R. (Shown detached in Figs. 5, 6, and 7, respectively.) Fig. a is a cross-section through the plates P, P., and R, on the dotted lines x a.' in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. The lowest plate, P, may, however, be dispensed with, as hereinafter described.

To the plate P, Fig. 5, is fastened at 1 the inner end of a coiled spring2. At a point near to the spindle I; the outer end ofthe coiled spring is turned upward and attached to the eccentric plate Q at a point, 3, near to its circumference. (See Figs. 4 and 5.) By attachling the inner end of the coiled springv2 directly to the spindle or to a collar attached thereto, the plate P may be dispensed with; but it is advantageous as affording protection to the spring. The spindle b passes through a central hole in each of these three plates, the middle plate, Q, turning upon the spindle b, while the plates R and P are rigidly attached to it, the plate P by the set-screw Ii and the plate R by the key 5, so that they revolve with the spindle. The top plate, R, has three gripping-jaws, 6, (one of which is shown in Fig. 4,) which slide in recessed grooves 7 in the plate R, as shown in Fig. 8, and are situate at equal distances apart around the plate R.

Fig. 8 is a cross-section through one of the gripping-jaws '6 and plate R on the line y y, Fig. '7. Each gripping-jaw 6 has a round pin, 8, projecting from its under side (see Fig. 4) which enters a slot, 9, in the plate Q, situate immediately below it. The slots 9 in plate Q are in the shape of the are of a circle, all the arcs having the same radius, but all eccentric to the axis of the plate Q, and so placed that in whatever position the plate Q may besituate relatively to the plate R the-pins 8 of the jaws 6 will be equidistant from the center of plate Q, which is the axis of the spindle b. It is obvious, therefore, that if the plate Q be turned in the direction of the arrow on plate Q, Fig. 6, the three gripping-jaws 6 will be drawn inward toward the spindle, while if the plate Q is turned in the opposite direction the gripping-jaws 6 will be moved outward away yfrom the spindle. The coiled spring 2, attached to plate p or spindle b, (see Fig. 5,) always exerts a pressure on theinovable eccentric plate Q in the direction of the arrow on Fig. 6, and consequently draws the grippingjaws together toward the center; and if any article is placed on the plate R the grippingjaws will Inot only hold it by the pressure of the spring 2, but as the gripping-jaws are all operated by the same spring, they will press equally upon it, and will hold it exactly in center of the plate R.

Inorder to open the gripping-jaws conveniently,.so as to receive an article to be held by them, a handle, 1G, is made on the periphery of plate R, and a similar handle, 11, on the periphery of plate Q. When these handles are drawn together, the gripping-jaws 6 are retracted, and when the handles are released the coiled spring 2 causes the plate Q to rotate, and thus draws the jaws together.

A. device is shown in Figs. 9 and 1() which is simpler in construction than the chuck already described, and for many articleswill answer the'purpose of holding and centering the article to receive the impression of the printing-roller.

Fig. 9 is a vert-ical section through a as, Fig. 10, of the upper part of the lathe-spindle b and of the centering device. A sleeve, N, is fastened to the spindle b by a set-screw, 19, a short distance below the head ofthe spindle b, which has a T-head to receive the tumbler D or other article to be operated on. A sliding collar, S, having a hub, U, which surrounds the spindle Z), and radial arms 20, which connect the rim of the collar and its hub, slides up and down the spindle b, between the sleeve N and the T-head ofthe spindle, and is pressed upward by a coiled spring, 21.

To the sleeve N are pivoted three lingers,

22, each terminating at its upper end in a hook. Each of the ngers 22 passes upward through a slot, 23, in the radial arms 20, and the under side of each hook is sloping, so that when the hub U is forced upward by the coiled spring 21 the ngers 22 are pressed inward toward 'the spindle b, in which position they seize and hold iirmly any article placed on the T-head of the spindle b.

An important and characteristic feature of the chucks described is that the jaws for holding the glass article are pressed against it by a spring or elastic pressure, and not rigidly, so that not only are slight irregularities of the article provided for, but danger of breakage by the holding device is obviated. JAnother characteristic is that all the jaws are actuated by one and the saine spring, so that the action is uniform, and an accurate centering of the article is secured. If an independent spring were applied to each jaw, there would be IOO llO

danger of the springs varying in power, or of one or other of them becoming clogged, and

thereby prevent the centering of the article.

By the use of cylindrical rollers for printing on glass and china a much better impres-` sion can be obtained than by a direct vertical pressure by means of flat stamps, for the reason that a rolling contact of the printing device with the article to receive the impression allows of the free escape of air from between the two surfaces, which would otherwise separate into minute particles, leaving bare spots on the impression and producing an imperfect and mottled appearance.

In using my machine,two or more printingrollers may be employed at the same time by the addition of two or more frames similar to E. This would enable several colors to be printed on the glass or china at the same time.

The lathe portion of the machine, which holds and revolves the article to be operated on7 may be used, if desired,without the frame E and its attachments, and the design may be printed on the article of glass `or china by means of a revolving printing-tool held against the article by hand; but the result will not be as good as bythe use of my kentire machine when properly adjusted. V

Having thus described my improved machine, what I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In machines for printing on glassware and similar articles, the combination of a lathe for holding and revolving the article to be printed on,- with a revoluble shaft and printingroller adjustable at various angles to the axis of rotation of the lathe, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2.' The apparatus for printing on revolving articles of glass or china ware, consisting of a frame capable of adjustment on a pivot at any required angle, in combination with a spindle carrying a printing-roller, such spindle being held by yielding bearings, so that the printing-roll shall be capable of conforming to the irregularities of the surfaces of articles upon which it prints.

3. In machines for printing on glass and similar articles, the combination of a lathe for centering and holding the article at both ends and revolving it to be printed onwith a taperingprinting-roller mounted on a revoluble shaft, so as to be in printing contact with the surface of the article held between the centers of the lathe, substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. In a machine for printing on glassware and similar objects, having a revoluble printing-roller and a lathe for holding the article to be printed on, the combination, with such roller and lathe, of radially-arranged holding and centering jaws caused to act toward a common center by the pressure of a common spring, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of March, A. I). 1883.

HERMANN SCHULZE-BERGE.

XVitnesses: .i

W. B. CoRwIN, Janus K. Bim-:WELL 

